Noise Pollution - G1 Mains - APPSC - Paper 4

When unwanted sound created by human beings hits our ears and disturbs the environment, noise pollution is created. Chiefly, noise pollution comes from barking dogs, loud music, vehicles, aircraft and rail transport, air-conditioners, factories, amplified music and construction work.

Sources of noise: All transportation systems create noise pollution. With residences created adjacent to factories, they experience noise pollution and its adverse effects. Besides transportation noise, noise can come from factory appliances, power tools and audio entertainment systems.

Measures of noise: Noise pollution is measured in decibels. When noise is at 45 decibels, no human being can sleep, and at 120 decibels the ear is in pain and hearing begins to be damaged at 85 decibels.

Effects of noise pollution

Human health: Noise pollution disturbs our health and behavior in a number of ways including deafness causing lack of sleep, irritability, indigestion, heartburn, high blood pressure, ulcers, and heart disease. Just one noise explosion from a passing truck drastically alters our endocrinal, neurological, and cardiovascular functions in many individuals. If this is prolonged or frequent, the physiological disturbances become chronic and contribute to mental illness.

Annoyance: Sometimes, even low levels of noise are irritating and can be frustrating, and high volumes can be annoying. Natural sounds are less irritating than those we find uncontrollable but intermittent sounds such as a tap dripping water can be more irritating than the sound of falling rain.

Speech interference: Noise more than 50dB can be very difficult to hear and interpret and cause problems such as partial deafness.

Sleep interference: Very high levels of noise can wake people from their sleep with a jerk and keep them awake or disturb their sleep pattern. This could make them irritable and tired the next day.

Decreased work performance: Increased noise levels gives rise to a lack of concentration and accuracy at work, and reduce one�s productivity and performance. Difficult tasks can be impaired, and instructions or warnings difficult to be heard and interpreted, causing accidents.

How to avoid sources of noise pollution

Traffic: Don't live or work near major intersections or roads, shopping centers and sporting facilities. Valleys and falls are noisier than flat roads.

Barking dogs: As a dog owner, you should take care to see that your dog doesn't annoy the neighbors with its barking and yowling.

Aircraft: Before buying a home, see how far it is from the local airport.

Neighbors: Be a good neighbor by not annoying those who live next door with your music or lawn mowing.

Solving noise problems: Many noise problems can be prevented by considering others and talking through problems. Be a good and concerned neighbor by discussing a common problem calmly and in a collaborative spirit to find a common solution.