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June 9, 2014

Botanical Names of Important Medicinal and Common Plants with their Usage in Medicine

Scientific Names of Important Trees and Plants, Botanical names of Medicinal Plants in India for Biology General Knowledge and General Awareness of Bank and UPSC Civil Service Exams.



Common Name
Botanical Name
 Bitter gourd
 Momordica Charantica
 Black Pepper 
Piper Nigrum
 Jackfruit 
Artocarpus Heterophyllus
Apple
Pyrus malus
Betel Vine
 Piper betle
Cardamom
 Elittaria Cardamomom
Cashew nut
Anacardium occidentale
Castor
Ricinus communis
Chilly
 Capsicum Frutescens
Olive’s
Olean European

Cocoa
 Theobroma Cocao
Coconut
Cocus nucifera
Coffee
 Coffee Arabica
Coriander
Coriandrum sativum
Cotton
Gossypium arboreum
Cucumber
Cucumis sativus
Custard apple
Anona squamosa
Garlic
 Allium Sativum
Ginger
 Zingiber officinale
Indian lotus
Nelumbo nucifera
Lady’s finger
Abelmoscus esculentus
Mango
Mangifera indica
Neem
Azadirachta indica
Nutmeg
 Myristica Fragrans
Paddy/ rice
Oyza sativa
Rubber
 Hevea Brasiliensis
Tea
 Camellia Sinensis
Tomato
Lycopersicon esculentum
Touch me not plant
Mimosa pudica
Turmeric
 Curcuma longa
Onion
Allium cepa
Ginger
Zingiber officinale
Carrot
Daucus carota

Common name / Maturity period
Botanical Name or Family
Parts Used
Medicinal Use
Amla
Emblica officinalis

Fruit
Vitamin - C, Cough , Diabetes, cold, Laxativ, hyper acidity.
Ashok
Saraca Asoca

Bark Flower
Menstrual Pain, uterine, disorder, Deiabetes.
Aswagandha
Withania Somnifera

Root, Leafs
Restorative Tonic, stress, nerves disorder, aphrodiasiac.
Guggul
Commiphora Wightii
Gum rasine
Rheuma tised, arthritis, paralysis, laxative.
Sandal Wood
Santalum Album
Heart wood , oil
Skin disorder, Burning, sensation, Jaundice, Cough.
Tulsi
Ocimum sanclum

Leaves/Seed
Cough, Cold, bronchitis,expectorand.
Pippermint
Mentha pipertia

Leaves, Flower, Oil
Digestive, Pain killer.
Henna
Lawsennia iermis
Leaf,Flower, Seed
Burning, Steam, Anti Imflamatary.
Gokhur
Tribulus Terrestris

Whole Plant
Sweet cooling, Aphrodisiac, appetizer, Digestive, Urinary.
Neem
Azardirchata - indica

Rhizome
Sdedative, analgesic, epilepsy, hypertensive.
Dalchini

Cinnamomum Zeylanicum

Bark, Oil
Bronchitis, Asthma, Cardiac, Disorder, Fever.
Ghritkumari
Aloe vera

It is the source of Aloin in body
Brahmi
Hydrocotyle asiatica
Whole plant
Brahmi is a nervine tonic and rejuvenate with a special action on the blood circulation in the brain. Nervous, Memory enhancer,mental disorder.
Olive’s
Olean European
Fruits
Can apply it on skin to prevent dryness and wrinkles, to soften the skin, and to treat ache.
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