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October 20, 2013

What is Ore? Type of different ores of everyday used metals - General Knowledge

A mineral or rock, which contains enough of a chemical element to make it economically feasible to mine, is called an ore. A mineral which contains a high enough percentage of a metal for economic extraction is called a metal ore.  The recovery of metals from their ores is one area of the field of metallurgy. The separation of the desired element is done by roasting, smelting, electrolysis or various chemical treatments. Important ores of aluminum, iron, manganese, and tin are oxides; Important ores of antimony, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, silver, and zinc are sulfides.
Names of the Elements
Ores
Chemical Formulae
Aluminium (Al)
(a) Bauxite
Al2O3 . 2H2O
(b) Corundum
Al2O3
(c) Kryolite
Na3AlF6
Iron (Fe)
(a) Haematite
Fe2O3
(b) Magnetite
Fe3O4
(c) Iron Pyrite
FeS2
(d) Siderite
FeCO3

Copper (Cu)
(a) Copper Pyrite
CuFeS2
(b) Copper Glance
Cu2S
(c) Malachite
2CuCO3 . Cu(OH)
Zinc (Zn)
(a) Zinc Blende
ZnS
(b) Calamine
ZnCO3
Sodium (Na)
(a) Rock Salt
NaCl
(b) Sodium Carbonate
Na2CO3
Potassium (K)
(a) Karnalite
KCI MgCl . 6H2O
(b) Salt Petre
KNO3
Lead (Pb)
(a) Galena
PbS
(b) Anglesite
PbCl2
Tin (Sn)
(a) Tin Pyrites
Cu2 FeSnS4
(b) Cassiterite
SnO2
Silver (Ag)
(a) Silver Glance
Ag2S
Gold (Au)
(a) Calverite
AuTe2
(b) Syvanite
AgAuTe2
Mercury (Hg)
(a) Cinnabar
HgS
(b) Calomel
Hg2Cl2
Magnesium (Mg)
(a) Dolomite
MgCO3 . CaCO3
(b) Karnalite
KCl MgCl2 . 6H2O
Calcium (Ca)
(a) Lime Stone
CaCO3
(b) Dolomite
MgCO3 . CaCO3
Phosphorous (P)
(a) Phosphorite
Ca3(PO4)
(b) Floreapetite
3Ca3(PO4)2CaFe2

Fact to remember
Name of the metal
Metal most abundant in earth’s crust
Aluminium
Metal which forms amalgam with other elements
Mercury
Metal used in a fuse wire and also in solder
Lead-tin alloy
Metal used in the filament of a bulb
Tungsten
Metal which pollutes the air of cities having large number of vehicles
Lead (reason for using unleaded petrol)
Metal used in the filaments of electric heaters
Nichrome
Metal used as radiation shield
Lead
Metal into which Uranium turns when it loses all its radioactivity
Lead
Metal used for making boats because it does not corrode by seawater
Titanium

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