Nobel Prize - History, First Winners among Men & Women- World & India, More than One Time Winners(2014 Updated) (TM)

నోబెల్ బహుమతులను స్వీడన్‌కు చెందిన ప్రఖ్యాత శాస్త్రవేత్త ఆల్‌ఫ్రెడ్ నోబెల్ పేరు మీద ఏర్పాటు చేశారు. అక్టోబర్ 21, 1833లో ఆల్‌ఫ్రెడ్ నోబెల్  జన్మించారు. ఆయన 355 ఆవిష్కరణలు చేశారు. అందులో అత్యంత ప్రధానమైంది డైనమైట్. నోబెల్ 1895లో రాసిన వీలునామా ప్రకారం ఈ బహుమతుల ను ఇస్తున్నారు. మానవాళి అభివృద్ధికి విశేష కృషి చేసిన వ్యక్తులకు ఐదు రంగాల్లో బహుమతులు ఇవ్వాలని  వీలునామాలో రాసి డిసెంబర్ 10, 1896లో నోబెల్ మరణించారు. ఆయన పేర్కొన్న ఐదు విభాగాలు భౌతిక శాస్త్రం, రసాయనశాస్త్రం, వైద్యశాస్త్రం లేదా ఫిజియాలజీ, సాహిత్యం, శాంతి.

నోబెల్ బహుమతులను తొలిసారి 1901లో ప్రదానం చేశారు. వీటిని ప్రతి ఏటా ఆల్‌ఫ్రెడ్ నోబెల్ వర్ధంతి అయిన డిసెంబర్ 10న బహూకరిస్తారు. స్వీడన్ కేంద్ర బ్యాంక్ ‘స్వెర్జిస్ రిక్స్ బ్యాంక్’ 1968లో ఆల్‌ఫ్రెడ్ నోబెల్ స్మారకార్థం ఆర్థిక శాస్త్రంలో బహుమతిని ఏర్పాటు చేసింది. 1969 నుంచి దీన్ని ప్రదానం చేస్తున్నారు. ప్రస్తుతం ఆరు విభాగా ల్లో నోబెల్ బహుమతులను ఇస్తున్నారు.

 ఫిజిక్స్, కెమిస్ట్రీ, ఎకనామిక్స్‌ల్లో నోబెల్ బహుమతులను స్టాక్‌హోమ్‌లోని రాయల్ స్వీడి ష్ అకాడమీ ఆఫ్ సెన్సైస్ అందిస్తోంది. స్వీడన్ లోని కరోలిన్‌స్కా ఇన్‌స్టిట్యూట్.. మెడిసిన్‌లో, స్వీడిష్ అకాడమీ.. లిటరేచర్‌లో ్రపదానం చేస్తాయి. శాంతి బహుమతిని నార్వేజియన్ నోబెల్ కమిటీ నార్వే రాజధాని ఓస్లోలో ఇస్తుంది. మిగిలిన ఐదు బహుమతులు స్వీడన్ రాజధాని స్టాక్‌హోమ్‌లో ్రపదానం  చేస్తారు. ఒక్కో విభాగంలో ప్రైజ్‌మనీ 8 మిలియన్ స్వీడిష్ క్రోనార్ లేదా 1.1 మిలియన్ డాలర్లు.

తొలి గ్రహీతలు(1901)

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Indian Nobel Prize Winners - Updated(2014) - for Current GK

RABINDRANATH TAGORE (1913) - Literature.

• Popularly known as Gurudev born in Kolkatta. He was a Bengali poet, philosopher, playwright, composer, and novelist.
• India's most famous writer and poet was awarded the Nobel Prize in recognition of his work Geetanjali, a collection of poems, in 1913.
• In 1901 he founded the famous Santiniketan which later came to be known as Vishwabharati University.
• Rabindranath Tagore was the first non-European and first Asian to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. His elegant prose and magical poetry mesmerized millions.
• Tagore's major works included Gitanjali, Gora, and Ghare-Baire. Two of his songs are now the national anthems of Bangladesh and India, i.e. the Amar Shonar Bangle and the Jana Gone Mona, respectively.

CHANDRASHEKAR VENKATA RAMAN (1930) - Physics

• Born at Thiruvanaikkaval in Tamil Nadu, Raman studied at Presidency College, Madras. Later, he served as Professor of Physics at Calcutta University.
• C.V. Raman won the Nobel Prize for an important research in the field of optics (light). Raman had found that diffused light contained rays of other wavelengths-what is now popularly known as Raman Effect. Raman had found that diffused light contained rays of other wavelengths-what is now popularly known as Raman Effect.
• His theory explains why the frequency of light passing through a transparent medium changes, while some of the light that emerges at a right angle to the original beam is of other frequencies (Raman frequencies) characteristic of the material.
• He is known for his extensive work in the field of acoustics and light. He even studied the physiology of the human eye.

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2011 Census Cheat Sheet in Telugu Medium

2011 India Census Cheat Sheet for UPSC Civil Service Exams, APPSC & TPSC General Studies Paper

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Some Important Social Media, Website & Portal Founders on Internet World

Portal Name	Founder Name
Google	Larry Page & Sergey Brin
Facebook	Mark Zuckerberg
Yahoo	David Filo & Jerry Yang
Twitter	Jack Dorsey & Dick Costolo
Internet	Tim Berners Lee
Linkdin	Reid Hoffman, Allen Blue & Koonstantin Guericke
Email	Shiva Ayyadurai
Gtalk	Richard Wah kan
Whats up	Laurel Kirtz
Hotmail	Sabeer Bhatia

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Languages spoken in Indian States and their capitals- General Knowledge for Bank Exams

States	Capital	Languages
Andra Pradesh	Hyderabad	Telugu and Urdu
Arunachal Pradesh	Itanager	Miji, Apotanji, Merdukpen, Tagin,Adi, Honpa, Bangini-Nishi.
Assam	Dispur	Assamese
Bihar	Patna	Hindi
Chhattisgarh	Raipur	Hindi
Goa	Panaji	Marathi and Konkani
Gujarat	Gandhinagar	Gujarati
Haryana	Chandigarh	Hindi

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Crematorium's of famous Persons in India

Crematorium	Famous Person
Abhay Ghat - Ahmedabad	Morarji Desai
Chaitya Bhoomi/ Dadar Chowpatty - Mumbai	BR Abedkar - A Replica of the Sanchi gate and Ashokan piller at Chaity Bhoomi.
Ekta Sthal - Delhi	Gaini Zail Singh, Chandra Shekhar
Karma Bhumi - Delhi	Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma
Kishan Ghat - Delhi	Chaudhary Charan Singh
Mahaprayan Ghat	Dr. Rajendra Prasad

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Vitamins-Functions, Types, Characteristics, Chemical Name, Uses and Deficiency Diseases

These essential nutrients are broken up into two groups based on the amount that is needed:
1. Macro nutrients: protein, carbohydrates, fat, and water

2. Micro nutrients: vitamins and minerals

Vitamins: Vitamins comprises micro-nutrients, since these are required in minute quantities. These are necessary for normal growth, good health, good vision, proper digestion of body. etc.  Each vitamin has its own importance for life and the health of the body. It is difficult to replace it by any other thing. If there is deficiency of vitamins in the diet of body, the body suffers from various diseases and ailments. 

Function of Vitamins
Vitamins are helpful for the health and life of the body in the following respects:
(a) They build up the resistance of the body against diseases.
(b) Prevent and cure various diseases caused by deficiency.
(c) Help the digestion and utilisation of mineral salts and Car­bohydrates in the body.
(d) Stimulate and give strength to digestive and nervous system.
(e) Help health protection.
(f) Help maintenance of proper health and normal growth.

Vitamins are classified as 

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List of Indian musical instruments and their famous players - General Knowledge

Instruments	Exponents
Flute	Hari Prasad Chaurasia, Raghunath Seth, Pannalal Ghosh, B. Kunjamani, N. Neela, Rajendra Prasanna, Rajendra Kulkarni, Prakash Saxena
Ghatam	T.H. Vinayakaram
Guitar	Vishwamohan Bhatt, Jatin Mazumdar, Brij Bhushan Kabra, Sri Krishna Nalin, Keshav Jalegaonkar
Harmonium	Jnan Prakash Ghosh, Shri Purushottam Walawalkar, Appa Jalgaonkar

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Locations of Important Museums in India - GK for Civil Service Exams

Important Museums in India
National Children’s Museum	New Delhi
Calico Textile Museum	Ahmadabad
Visvesvaraya Industrial and Technological Museum	Bangalore
Tippu Sulthan Museum	Srirangapatna
Sree Chithra Art Gallery	Thiruvananthapuram
Birla Industrial & Technological Museum	Kolkata
Birla Planetarium	Kolkata
Nethaji Museum	Kolkata

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National Symbols of India

National Symbols and their Significance in India. List and chart of Indian National symbols:

National Flag-Adopted by the Constituent Assembly on July 24, 1947. the ratio between length and breadth is 3 : 2, consists of strips of three colours-Saffron, White and Green in descending order. it has a circle of Blue colour in the middle, which has 24 spokes.

National Emblem- The national symbol has been ideologically represented by the lion in the Ashoka stupa in Saranath. There are four lions in it and the fourth one that lies at the back is not visible in pictures. Beneath the four lions, there lies an 'Ashoka chakra' and side to side the pictures of oxes and horses. The line 'Satyameva Jayate', which means 'Truth alone Triumphs', was taken from the Mandako upanishad. The national symbol was approved on 1950 January 26.

National Anthem-Adopted by the Constituent Assembly on Jan 24, 1950, recited, for the first time, at the Calcutta Session of the Congress on Dec. 27, 1911. Fifty-two seconds are prescribed for recitation. lt is written by Rabindranath Tagore.

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List of Important Sport terms for General Knowledge

Sport	Terms used in Sport
Athletics	Relay, Photofinish, Track, Lane, Hurdles, Shotput, Discuss Throw, Hammar Throw, Triple Jump, High Jump, Cross Country, etc.
Badminton	Drop, deuce, smash, double-touch, clash, service, love, service-line, etc.
Base Ball	Bunting, hole, pitcher, put-out, strike, etc.
Baseball	Pinching, Home run, Base runner, Throw, Perfect game, Strike, Put out, etc.
Billiards	Cue, cannon, baulk, pot scratch, long jenny, short jenny, frame, spider, short and long rest, in-off, etc.
Boxing	Round, knock-outs, countdown, flyweight, jab, uppercut, hook, punch, etc.

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World Countries, their Capitals, their Currencies - GK for Bank Exams

Country	Capital	Currency
Afghanistan	Kabul	Afghani
Albania	Tirana	Lek
Algeria	Algiers	Dinar
Andorra	Andorra la Vella	Euro
Angola	Luanda	New Kwanza
Antigua and Barbuda	Saint John’s (Antigua)	East Caribbean Dollar
Argentina	Buenos Aires	Peso
Armenia	Yerevan	Dram

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Different Dances which have Origin from India- GK for Comeptitive Exams

Origin of Different Dance Forms in India 

Dance Form	Origin
Sattriya	Assam
Kathak	Uttar Pradesh
Kathakali	Kerala
Manipuri	Manipur
Kuchipudi	Andhra Pradesh
Mohiniyattam	Kerala
Odissi	Orissa
Bharatanatyam	Tamil Nadu

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Grasslands of the World - GK for Competitive Exams

Grasslands of the World, grasslands of the world list, major grasslands of the world, names of major grasslands of the world

Regions	Grassland
Australia	Dawns
South America (Argentina & Uruguay)	Pampas
North America	Prairies
Africa and Australia	Savannah
South America	Selvas
Europe and Northern Asia	Steppes
Europe and Asia	Taiga
South Africa	Velds
Venezuela (South America)	Lianos
Hungary	Pustaz
New Zealand	Cantebury

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Changed Names of Important Countries - General Knowledge

Old Name	Changed Name
Abyssinia	Ethiopia
Angora	Ankara
Basutoland	Lesotho
Batavia	Djakarta
Burma	Myanmar
Bechuanaland	Botswana
British Guiana	Guyana
Combodia	Kampuchea

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FATHER’S OF DIFFERENT FIELDS

• Father of modern chemistry is Jabir bin Hayyan

• Father of botany is Theofrastus

• Father of biology is Aristotle

• James Hutton is called the father of modern geology.

• Thefrastus is called as father of botany.

• Father of Homeopathy is Heinemann.

• Founder of physical chemistry Arrhenius.

• Copernicus is known as the Father of Astronomy.

• Greek writer Herodotus is called father of History.

• Who is known as The father of English poetry - 1340 - 1400 Geoffrey Chaucer

• ‘Aristophanes’ is called father of comedy.

• Charles babbage is called " Father of computer "

• Adam smith is called " Father of economics "

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Military Awards of India - General Knowledge

Indian honours and awards can be divided into two categories :

(a)   Gallantry awards.

(b)   Non-gallantry awards.

The gallantry awards are again divisible into two categories:

(a)   Those for gallantry in the face of the enemy.

(b)   Those for gallantry other than in the face of the enemy.

The first category of the gallantry awards comprises :

1.  Param Vir Chakra: It is India's highest military decoration similar to the British Victoria Cross, US Medal of Honor, or French Legion of Honor or Russian Cross of St. George. It can be awarded to officers or enlisted personnel from all branches of the Indian military. It is the also the second highest award of the government of India after Bharat Ratna. The medal is a circular bronze disc 1.375 inches in diameter. The state emblem appears in the center, on a raised circle. Surrounding this, four replicas of Indra's Vajra. The decoration is suspended from a straight swiveling suspension bar. It is named on the edge. On the rear, around a plain center, are two legends separated by lotus flowers. The words Param Vir Chakra are written in Hindi and English. A purple ribbon, 32 millimetres (1.3 in) long, holds the Param Vir Chakra. The medal symbolizes Rishi Dadhichi, who had donated his bones to the Gods for making Vajra.

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Highest Military Awards of Different Countries - General Knowledge

• Highest military award of Britain is Victoria Cross.

• Highest military award of Germany is Iron Cross.

• Highest military award of India is Pardam Vir Chakra.

• Highest military award of Japan is Order of the Rising Sun.

• Highest military award of Pakistan is Nishan-i-Haider.

• Highest military award of Russia is Order of the Patriotic War.

• Highest military award of USA is Victory Medal.

• Highest military award of Denmark -  The Order of the Elephant

• Highest military award of USSR - Order of Honor and Banner

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General Knowledge & General Awareness, Gk for Civil Service Exams

General Knowledge for UPSC IAS Civil Service Exams, Bank PO Clerical Exams, APPSC Notifications in 2014 and 2015, GK for Group 1 APPSC and Group 2 APPSC Exams, general knowledge questions and answers, general knowledge for school students, general knowledge quiz about India, free download books of general knowledge, general knowledge about human body, general knowledge geography, general knowledge about India, online general knowledge test, gk questions about India, general knowledge of world, general knowledge objective questions, all India general knowledge examination, general knowledge for bank exams.

General Awareness

• Indian Nobel Prize Winners - Updated(2014)
• 2011 Census Cheat Sheet in Telugu Medium
• Some Important Social Media, Website & Portal Founders on Internet World
• Languages spoken in Indian States and their capitals
• Crematorium's of famous Persons in India
• Vitamins-Functions, Types, Characteristics, Chemical Name, Uses and Deficiency Diseases
• List of Indian musical instruments and their famous players 
• Locations of Important Museums in India
• National Symbols of India
• List of Important Sport terms for General Knowledge
• World Countries, their Capitals, their Currencies
• Different Dances which have Origin from India
• Grasslands of the World 
• Changed Names of Important Countries 
• FATHER’S OF DIFFERENT FIELDS
• Military Awards of India
• Highest Military Awards of Different Countries
• Important International Institution & their Headquarters
• Important Military Operations of India
• Scientific Names of Common Plants 
• List of Edible Parts of Plant which we eat 
• 500+ List of Phobia's from A to Z 
• 130+ Important Research Institutes in India
• Important Endocrine Glands in Human Body
• 70+ Important Medical Invention
• Famous Indian Scientists and their contribution
• Some Interesting Facts of Human Body
• 600+ Branches of Science & their Studies
• What is Ore? Type of different ores of everyday used metals 
• Define Alloy? Types of Important Alloys 
• Important Units of Measurement in Science
• Mountain Passes in Western and Eastern Ghats India
• Mountain Passes in Himalayas : India - General Knowledge
• Ancient, Sanskrit and Greek Names of Indian Rivers
• Salt Water, Fresh Water & Brackish water Lakes of India
• Folk Dances of Different Indian States
• Important News Agencies of the World
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• Official Books of Different Countries: General Knowledge
• Important Space Mission in History of World
• Parliament Names of Different Countries in the World
• 50+ New & Old Names of Different Countries in the World
• Oceans & Seas of World- By Size and Depths
• Driest and Wettest Inhabited Places in the world
• Largest, Smallest, Highest Density & Lowest Density Countries in the World
• Largest, Smallest, Oldest, Newest, Richest & Poorest Countries of the World
• 21- Major Islands of the World 
• Major Lakes of World- By Size & By Depth
• Ranks of Different Languages in the World
• Largest Deserts of the World: Sub-Tropical & Coolest 
• 25+ Important International Boundaries around the world 
• 12 Highest Waterfalls of the World 
• 31-Important Gulf's of the World 
• 30 Important Cape's of the World
• Define Isoline? Types of Isolines
• 110+ Important Sports Tournaments, Cups & Trophies in Sports World
• 50- Important Decisive Battles in World History 
• 50+ Important National Flower, Animal & Birds of Different Countries in the World
• 180+ Famous Books & Their Authors
• First in India - MISC
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• Land Locked Countries of the World - Continent Wise 
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• 16-Major Trenches of the World & Their Importance
• Volcanoes of the World - Continent Wise
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• Major Straits of the world with Map
• Canals of the World - World Geography 
• 115 Nicknames Pen-names of famous Personalities in India
• International Year and Decades - Updated(2013) 
• 50 Epithets of India for General Knowledge
• Solar System and Planets for Civil Services
• 50 EPITHETS of WORLD
• 200+ General Knowledge questions for Civil Services
• New State demands in India and Parties which are leading them
• Carbon Offsets Types - Impact - Mechanism
• Fluorosis - Types - Causes - Impact - Prevention in India
• Reverse vaccine for Type 1 Diabetes
• Aaksah Tablet and Features
• Battery - Working Principle - Types and why electrolyte is Used in batteries
• India's Longest Tunnel Inagurated
• Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System - Indian GPS Overview - Mains
• Deserts - Definition - Types - Deserts in India
• China’s Tianhe-2 emerges worlds fastest supercomputer
• Supermoon and causes of its formation - its impact on earth
• Science & Technology Quiz- from The Hindu
• Major Disasters in India
• Management of Disasters in India
• Growth of Communalism
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• Susceptibility of India to Natural Disasters in India based on types of disasters
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• Production units of Indian Railways
• Sharbati Sonora - a Wheat Variety - Controversy with MS Swaminathan
• What is Silicosis? 
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• Do you Know Part-2 
• Do you Know?
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• Dances and Prominent Members of Indian Dance
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• The national insignia of India
• Very Important - First in India

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